Wednesday, November 17, 2010

ဓမၼပဒ Dhammapada, 法句 ေကာက္ႏႈတ္ခ်က္မ်ား (၁၇)



၁၆။ ပိယ၀ဂၢ
Piyavaggo 可愛品
၂၀၉။ အေယာေဂ ယုဥၨမတၱာနံ၊ ေယာဂသၼိဥၥ အေယာဇယံ။
အတၳံ ဟိတြာ ပိယဂၢါဟီ၊ ပိေဟတတၱာႏုေယာဂိနံ။

၂၁၀။ မာ ပိေယဟိ သမာဂဉိ ၧ၊အပၸိေယဟိ ကုဒါစနံ။
ပိယာနံ အဒႆနံ ဒုကၡံ၊ အပၸိယာနဥၥ ဒႆနံ။

၂၁၁။ တသၼာ ပိယံ န ကယိရာထ၊ ပိယာပါေယာ ဟိ ပါပေကာ။
ဂႏၴာ ေတသံ န ၀ိဇၨႏၲိ၊ ေယသံ နတၳိ ပိယာပၸိယံ။

၂၀၉။ မိမိကိုယ္ကို အားမထုတ္သင့္ရာ၌ အားထုတ္လ်က္ အားထုတ္သင့္ရာ၌ အားမထုတ္ဘဲ အက်ဳိးစီးပြားကို စြန္႔လႊတ္၍ ခ်စ္ဖြယ္အာ႐ုံ ကာမဂုဏ္ကို စြဲလမ္းသူသည္ ကိုယ္တိုင္အားထုတ္ သူတို႔၏ အက်ဳိးစီးပြားကို ငါရမူကား ေကာင္းေလစြဟု လိုလားေတာင့္တ၏။

၂၁၀။ ခ်စ္ေသာသူတို႔ႏွင့္လည္း မေပါင္းေဖာ္လင့္၊ မုန္းေသာသူတို႔ႏွင့္လည္း တစ္ခါတစ္ရံမွ် မေပါင္းေဖာ္ပါလင့္၊ ခ်စ္ေသာသူတို႔ကိုလည္း မျမင္ရျခင္းသည္ ဆင္းရဲ၏၊ မုန္းေသာသူတို႔ကို ျမင္ရျခင္းသည္လည္း ဆင္းရဲ၏။

၂၁၁။ ထို႔ေၾကာင့္ လူကိုျဖစ္ေစ ပစၥည္းဥစၥာကိုျဖစ္ေစ ခ်စ္ခင္စဲြလမ္းျခင္းကို မျပဳရာ၊ ခ်စ္ခင္ စြဲလမ္းဖြယ္ရာတို႔ႏွင့္ ေကြကြင္းရျခင္းသည္ မေကာင္းသည္သာတည္း၊ ခ်စ္ျခင္းမုန္းျခင္း မ႐ွိေသာ သူတို႔အား အေႏွာင္အဖဲြ႔ ဂႏၴတို႔ မ႐ွိၾကကုန္။

209. One who does what should not be done and fails to make efforts on virtuous deeds, who forgets the true aim of life and sinks into sensual desires – will one day envy the person who makes efforts in high contemplation.

210. Do not be in together with loved ones, also not get acquainted with unpleasant; not to see loved ones is pain, so also it is pain to see unpleasant.

211. Therefore do not make endearment, for separation from the dear is painful. Those who hold nothing dear and hate nothing has no fetters.

209 Ayoge yuñjam attanam,
  yogasmiñ ca ayojayam,
  attham hitva piyaggahi,
  pihet’ attanuyoginam.

  [Ayoge無致力(陽單處格)] [yuñjam致力(陽單主格, ppr.)] [attanam自我(陽單業格)],
  [yogasmiñ致力(陽單處格)] [ca並且] [a][yojayam使...致力(陽單主格, ppr.)],
  [attham義利(中單業格)] [hitva捨棄(ger.)] [piya可愛(a.)]g[gahi握持(陽單主格, a.)],
  [pihet’羨慕(3)] [att自我][anuyoginam隨致力(陽單業格, a.)].

  在無致力之中正在致力者,並且在致力之中未正在使自我致力者,捨棄義利後握持可愛者,羨慕隨致力在自我者。

210 Ma piyehi samagañchi,
  appiyehi kudacanam.
  Piyanam adassanam dukkham,
  appiyanañ ca dassanam.

  [Ma不要] [piyehi可愛(陽複具格, a.)] [samagañchi一起來(3)],
  [appiyehi不可愛(陽複具格, a.)] [kudacanam在任何時候].
  [Piyanam可愛(陽複屬格, a.)] [adassanam不見(中單主格)] [dukkham(中單主格, a.)],
  [appiyanañ不可愛(陽複屬格, a.)] [ca並且] [dassanam(中單主格)].

  不要與諸可愛者、諸不可愛者在任何時候一起來。諸可愛者的不見[]苦,並且諸不可愛者的見[是苦]

211 Tasma piyam na kayiratha,
  piyapayo hi papako;
  gantha tesam na vijjanti,
  yesam natthi piyappiyam.

  [Tasma由於它] [piyam可愛(單業格, a.)] [na] [kayiratha(3opt.為自言)],
  [piy可愛(a.)][apayo離去(陽單主格)] [hi因為] [papako(陽單主格, a.)];
  [gantha繫縛(陽複主格)] [tesam他們(陽複屬格)] na [vijjanti被知(3)],
  [yesam他們(陽複屬格, rp.)] [natthi不存在(3)] [piy可愛(a.)][appiyam不可愛(中單主格, a.)].

  由於它,不應作可愛者,因為可愛者的離去是惡;他們的可愛者、不可愛者不存在,他們的諸繫縛不被知。

၂၁၂။ ပိယေတာ ဇာယတီ ေသာေကာ၊ ပိယေတာ ဇာယတီ ဘယံ။
ပိယေတာ ၀ိပၸမုတၱႆ၊ နတၳိ ေသာေကာ ကုေတာ ဘယံ။

၂၁၂။ ခ်စ္ခင္မႈေၾကာင့္ စိုးရိမ္မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ခ်စ္ခင္မႈေၾကာင့္ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈ ျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ခ်စ္ခင္မႈမွ ကင္းလြတ္ေသာသူအား အဘယ္မွာ စိုးရိမ္မႈ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈ ႐ွိေတာ့အ့ံနည္း။

212. From pleasure comes sorrow, from pleasure comes fear; one who is free from endearment, there is no fear and sorrow.

၂၁၃။ ေပမေတာ ဇာယတီ ေသာေကာ၊ ေပမေတာ ဇာယတီ ဘယံ။
ေပမေတာ ၀ိပၸမုတၱႆ၊ နတၳိ ေသာေကာ ကုေတာ ဘယံ။

၂၁၃။ ျမတ္ႏုိးမႈေၾကာင့္ စိုးရိမ္မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ျမတ္ႏုိးမႈေၾကာင့္ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈ ျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ျမတ္ႏုိးမႈမွ ကင္းလြတ္ေသာသူအား အဘယ္မွာ စိုးရိမ္မႈ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈ ႐ွိေတာ့အ့ံနည္း။

213. From affection comes sorrow, from affection comes fear; one who is free from affection, there is no fear and sorrow.

212 Piyato jayate soko
  piyato jayati bhayam,
  piyato vippamuttassa
  natthi soko kuto bhayam.

  [Piyato可愛(陽單從格, a.)] [jayate被生(3現﹐為自言)] [soko悲傷(陽單主格)],
  piyato [jayati被生(3, 為自言,出現在偈)] [bhayam恐懼(中單主格)],
  piyato [vippamuttassa擴大釋放出(陽單屬格, pp.)],
  [natthi不存在(3)] soko [kuto從何處?] bhayam.

  悲傷從可愛者被生,恐懼從可愛者被生;從可愛者已被擴大釋放出的[]的悲傷不存在,恐懼從何處?

213 Pemato jayate soko
  pemato jayati bhayam,
  pemato vippamuttassa
  natthi soko kuto bhayam.

  [Pemato(中單從格)] [jayate被生(3,為自言)] [soko悲傷(陽單主格)],
  pemato [jayati被生(3,為自言、出現在偈)] [bhayam恐懼(中單主格)],
  pemato [vippamuttassa擴大釋放出(陽單屬格, pp.)],
  [natthi不存在(3)] soko [kuto從何處?] bhayam. (cp. Dh212)

  悲傷從愛被生,恐懼從愛被生;從愛已被擴大釋放出的[]的悲傷不存在,恐懼從何處?

၂၁၄။ ရတိယာ ဇာယတီ ေသာေကာ၊ ရတိယာ ဇာယတီ ဘယံ။
ရတိယာ ၀ိပၸမုတၱႆ၊ နတၳိ ေသာေကာ ကုေတာ ဘယံ။


၂၁၄။ ေမြ႔ေလ်ာ္မႈေၾကာင့္ စိုးရိမ္မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ေမြ႔ေလ်ာ္မႈေၾကာင့္ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ေမြ႔ေလ်ာ္မႈမွ ကင္းလြတ္ ေသာသူအား အဘယ္မွာ စိုးရိမ္မႈ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈ ႐ွိေတာ့အ့ံနည္း။

214. From enjoyment comes sorrow, from enjoyment comes fear; one who is free from enjoyment, there is no fear and sorrow.

၂၁၅။ ကာမေတာ ဇာယတီ ေသာေကာ၊ ကာမေတာ ဇာယတီ ဘယံ။
ကာမေတာ ၀ိပၸမုတၱႆ၊ နတၳိ ေသာေကာ ကုေတာ ဘယံ။


၂၁၅။ ကာမေၾကာင့္ စိုးရိမ္မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ကာမေၾကာင့္ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ ကာမမွ ကင္းလြတ္ေသာသူအား အဘယ္မွာ စိုးရိမ္မႈ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈ ႐ွိေတာ့အ့ံနည္း။

215. From sensual desire comes sorrow, from sensual desire comes fear; one who is free from sensual desire, there is no fear and sorrow.

214 Ratiya jayate soko,
  ratiya jayati bhayam,
  ratiya vippamuttassa,
  natthi soko kuto bhayam.

  [Ratiya喜樂(陰單從格)] [jayate被生(3現﹐為自言)] [soko悲傷(陽單主格)],
  ratiya [jayati被生(3現﹐為自言,出現在偈)] [bhayam恐懼(中單主格)],
  ratiya [vippamuttassa擴大釋放出(陽單屬格, pp.)],
  [natthi不存在(3)] soko [kuto從何處?] bhayam. (cp. Dh212)

  悲傷從喜樂被生,恐懼從喜樂被生;從喜樂已被擴大釋放出的[]的悲傷不存在,恐懼從何處?

215 Kamato jayate soko,
  kamato jayati bhayam,
  kamato vippamuttassa,
  natthi soko kuto bhayam.

  [Kamato(陽單從格)] [jayate被生(3現﹐為自言)] [soko悲傷(陽單主格)],
  kamato [jayati被生(3現﹐為自言,出現在偈)] [bhayam恐懼(中單主格)],
  kamato [vippamuttassa擴大釋放出(陽單屬格, pp.)],
  [natthi不存在(3)] soko [kuto從何處?] bhayam. (cp. Dh212)

  悲傷從欲被生,恐懼從欲被生;從欲已被擴大釋放出的[]的悲傷不存在,恐懼從何處?

၂၁၆။ တဏွာယ ဇာယတီ ေသာေကာ၊ တဏွာယ ဇာယတီ ဘယံ။
တဏွာယ ၀ိပၸမုတၱႆ၊ နတၳိ ေသာေကာ ကုေတာ ဘယံ။


၂၁၆။ တဏွာေၾကာင့္ စိုးရိမ္မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ တဏွာေၾကာင့္ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈျဖစ္ရ၏၊ တဏွာမွ ကင္းလြတ္ေသာသူအား အဘယ္မွာ စိုးရိမ္မႈ ေၾကာက္႐ြံ႔မႈ ႐ွိေတာ့အ့ံနည္း။

216. From craving comes sorrow, from craving comes fear; one is free from craving, there is no fear and sorrow.

၂၁၇။ သီလဒႆနသမၸႏၷံ၊ ဓမၼ႒ံ သစၥေ၀ဒိနံ။
အတၱေနာ ကမၼ ကုဗၺာနံ၊ တံ ဇေနာ ကု႐ုေတ ပိယံ။


၂၁၇။ သီလႏွင့္လည္းျပည့္စံု ဉာဏ္အျမင္ႏွင့္လည္းျပည့္စံု၍ တရား၌တည္ကာ အမွန္တရားကိုလည္း သိတတ္ေသာ မိမိျပဳဖြယ္ အမႈကိစၥကိုလည္းျပဳတတ္သူကို လူအေပါင္းသည္ ခ်စ္ျမတ္ႏုိး၏။

217. The one who has virtue and vision, who follows Dhamma, who realizes truth, and fulfills the work to be done – the world loves that person.

216 Tanhaya jayate soko,
  tanhaya jayati bhayam,
  tanhaya vippamuttassa,
  natthi soko kuto bhayam.

  [Tanhaya渴愛(陰單從格)] [jayate被生(3,為自言)] [soko悲傷(陽單主格)],
  tanhaya[jayati被生(3,為自言、出現在偈)] [bhayam恐懼(中單主格)],
  tanhaya [vippamuttassa擴大釋放出(陽單屬格, pp.)],
  [natthi不存在(3)] soko [kuto從何處?] bhayam. (cp. Dh212)

  悲傷從渴愛被生,恐懼從渴愛被生;從渴愛已被擴大釋放出的[]的悲傷不存在,恐懼從何處?

217 Siladassanasampannam,
  dhammattham saccavedinam,
  attano kamma kubbanam,
  tam jano kurute piyam.

  [Sila][dassana][sampannam完全行(陽單業格, pp.)],
  [dhammattham存續於法(陽單業格, a.)] [sacca真諦][vedinam(陽單業格, a.),
  [attano自我(陽單屬格)] [kamma(中單業格)] [kubbanam(為自言, 陽單業格, ppr.)],
  [tam(陽單業格)] [jano(陽單主格)] [kurute(3,為自言)] [piyam可愛(陽單業格, a.)].

  人作他[]可愛者:已完全行於戒及見、存續於法、知真諦、正在作自我的業。

၂၁၈။ ဆႏၵဇာေတာ အနကၡာေတ၊ မနသာ စ ဖုေဋာ သိယာ။
ကာေမသု စ အပၸဋိဗဒၶစိေတၱာ၊ ဥဒၶံေသာေတာတိ ၀ုစၥတိ။


၂၁၈။ နိဗၺာန္ကို အားၾကီးစြာ လိုလားသည္ျဖစ္၍ စိတ္ျဖင့္ေတြ႔ထိကာ ကာမဘံုတို႔၌ကပ္ျငိစိတ္ မ႐ွိသူကို အထက္ အကနိ႒ာဘံုသို႔ အစဥ္အတိုင္း သြားမည့္သူဟု ဆိုအပ္၏။

218. One who is eagerly longing for the infinite Nibbana, and who is free from sensuous attachments, is the kind of person who goes upstream, for against the current of passions and worldly life he is bound for the joy of infinite.

၂၁၉။ စိရပၸ၀ါသႎ ပုရိသံ၊ ဒူရေတာ ေသာတၳိမာဂတံ။
ဉာတိမိတၱာ သုဟဇၨာ စ၊ အဘိနႏၵႏၲိ အာဂတံ။

၂၂၀။ တေထ၀ ကတပုညမၸိ၊ အသၼာ ေလာကာ ပရံ ဂတံ။
ပုညာနိ ပဋိဂဏွႏၲိ၊ ပိယံ ဉာတီ၀ အာဂတံ။


၂၁၉။ ၾကာျမင့္စြာကြဲကြာ၍ ရပ္ေ၀းမွ ခ်မ္းသာစြာ ျပန္ေရာက္လာသူကိုျမင္၍ ေဆြမ်ဳိးမိတ္ေဆြ ခ်စ္ကြၽမ္း၀င္သူတို႔သည္ ျပန္လာၿပီဟု ႏွစ္သက္၀မ္းေျမာက္ကုန္၏။

၂၂၀။ ထုိနည္းတူစြာလွ်င္ ဤပစၥဳပၸန္ဘ၀မွ တမလြန္ဘ၀သို႔သြားေသာ ျပဳျပီးေသာေကာင္းမႈ ႐ွိသူကိုလည္း ေဆြမ်ဳိုးတို႔သည္ ျပန္ေရာက္လာေသာခ်စ္သူကို ၾကိဳဆိုၾကသကဲ့သို႔ ေကာင္းမႈတို႔သည္ ၾကိဳဆိုၾကကုန္၏။

219. Like a person who has long been far away is welcomed by relatives and friends happily on his arrival.

220. In the same way the good deeds he has done in this life will receive him in his next life as relatives receive a dear one on his return.

218 Chandajato anakkhate,
  manasa ca phuto siya,
  kamesu ca appatibaddhacitto,
  uddhamsoto ti vuccati.

  [Chanda意願][jato(陽單主格, pp.)] [anakkhate未宣布(陽單處格, pp.)],
  [manasa(中單具格)] [ca並且] [phuto佈滿(陽單主格, pp.)] [siya(3opt.)],
  [kamesu(陽複處格)] ca {[appatibaddha未束縛(pp.)][citto](陽單主格, a.)},
  [uddhamsoto向上流(陽單主格, a.)] [ti這樣(結尾語)] [vuccati被叫做(3)].

  已被生的意願在未被宣布者之中[1],應是已被意佈滿,並且在諸欲之中,心未被束縛,他被叫做『向上流者[2]。』


219 Cirappavasim purisam,
  durato sotthim agatam,
  ñatimitta suhajja ca,
  abhinandanti agatam.

  [Cira長久(a.)]p[pavasim外宿(陽單業格, a.)] [purisam(陽單業格)],
  [dūrato遠處(單從格, a.)] [sotthim平安(陰單業格>adv.)] [agatam(陽單業格, pp.)],
  ati親屬][mitta(陽複主格)] [suhajja祝福者(陽複主格)] [ca],
  [abhinandanti全面歡喜(3)] [(s?)agatam歡迎!(interj.)].

  諸親屬、諸友、及諸祝福者,全面歡喜長久外宿、已從遠處平安來的人:「歡迎![3]

220 Tath’eva katapuññam pi,
  asma loka param gatam,
  puññani patiganhanti,
  piyam ñati va agatam.

  [Tath’如是] [eva如此] [kata(pp.)][puññam(中單主格)] [pi],
  [asma(陽單從格)] [loka世間(陽單從格)] [param下一(陽單業格, a.)] [gatam去到(中單主格, pp.)],
  [puññani(中複業格)] [patiganhanti接受(3)],
  [piyam可愛(陽單業格, a.)] [ñati親屬(陰複主格)] [va] [agatam(陽單業格, pp.)].

  如是已被作的福亦如此:從此世間已去到下一[世間];他們接受諸福,如諸親屬[接受]可愛的已來者。



[1] 在未被宣布者之中 未被宣布者(anakkhata)是指「涅槃」。(參見DhA iii289)

[2] 向上流者 指「不返者」(anagamin, 音譯:阿那含)(參見DhA iii289)

[3] 歡迎!:sagataminterj. (Narada版、 Khantipalo & Susabba) (CS版、PTS版:agatam)