Saturday, November 13, 2010

ဓမၼပဒ Dhammapada, 法句 ေကာက္ႏႈတ္ခ်က္မ်ား (၁၆)

၁၅။ သုခ၀ဂၢ Sukhavaggo 樂品

၁၉၇။ သုသုခံ ၀တ ဇီ၀ါမ၊ ေ၀ရိေနသု အေ၀ရိေနာ။
ေ၀ရိေနသု မႏုေႆသု၊ ၀ိဟရာမ အေ၀ရိေနာ။

၁၉၈။ သုသုခံ ၀တ ဇီ၀ါမ၊ အာတုေရသု အနာတုရာ။
အာတုေရသု မႏုေႆသု၊ ၀ိဟရာမ အနာတုရာ။

၁၉၉။ သုသုခံ ၀တ ဇီ၀ါမ၊ ဥႆုေကသု အႏုႆုကာ။
ဥႆုေကသု မႏုေႆသု၊ ၀ိဟရာမ အႏုႆုကာ။

၁၉၇။ ရန္ျပဳတတ္သူတို႔အလယ္၌ ရန္မျပဳၾကကုန္ဘဲ အလြန္ခ်မ္းသာစြာ ငါတို႔ အသက္ေမြးႏုိင္ၾကကုန္၏၊ ရန္ျပဳေသာသူတို႔အလယ္၌ ရန္မ႐ွိကုန္ဘဲ ငါတို႔ေနႏုိင္ၾကကုန္၏။

၁၉၈။ ကိေလသာအႏွိပ္စက္ခံရေသာ သူတို႔အလယ္၌ ကိေလသာအႏွိပ္စက္ မခံရကုန္ဘဲ အလြန္ခ်မ္းသာစြာ ငါတို႔ အသက္ေမြးႏုိင္ၾကကုန္၏၊ ကိေလသာ အႏွိပ္အစက္ခံရေသာ သူတို႔အလယ္၌ ကိေလသာအႏွိပ္အစက္မခံရကုန္ဘဲ ငါတို႔ေနႏုိင္ၾကကုန္၏။

၁၉၉။ ကာမဂုဏ္ကို ေၾကာင့္ၾကစိုက္ကုန္ေသာ သူတို႔အလယ္၌ ကာမဂုဏ္ကို ေၾကာင့္ၾကမစိုက္ၾကကုန္ဘဲ အလြန္ခ်မ္းသာစြာ ငါတို႔အသက္ေမြးႏုိင္ၾကကုန္၏၊ ကာမဂုဏ္ကို ေၾကာင့္ၾကစိုက္ကုန္ေသာ လူတို႔အလယ္၌ ကာမ ဂုဏ္ကို ေၾကာင့္ၾကမစိုက္ၾကကုန္ဘဲ ငါတို႔ေနႏုိင္ၾကကုန္၏။

197. Let us live in joy, in love among those who hate us. Among men who hate us, let us live free from hatred.

198. Let us live in joy, in love among those who are suffering. Among men who suffer from craving, let us live with wisdom.

199. Let us live in joy, in peace among those who struggle with greed. Among men who struggle, let us live in peace.

197 Susukham vata jivama,
  verinesu averino;
  verinesu manussesu,
  viharama averino.

  [Su非常][sukham(中單業格)] [vata確實] [jivama活命(1)],
  [verinesu(陽複處格, a.)] [averino無怨(陽複主格, a.)];
  verinesu [manussesu(陽複處格)],
  [viharama(1)] averino.

  我們活命確實非常樂,在諸怨者之中無怨;無怨的我們住在怨的諸人之中。

198 Susukham vata jivama,
  aturesu anatura;
  aturesu manussesu,
  viharama anatura.

  [Su非常][sukham(中單業格)] [vata確實] [jivama活命(1)],
  [aturesu疾苦(陽複處格, a.)] [anatura無疾苦(陽複主格, a.)];
  aturesu [manussesu(陽複處格)],
  [viharama(1)] anatura.

  我們活命確實非常樂,在諸疾苦者之中無疾苦;無疾苦的我們住在疾苦的諸人之中。

199 Susukham vata jivama,
  ussukesu anussuka;
  ussukesu manussesu,
  viharama anussuka.

  [Su非常][sukham(中單業格)] [vata確實] [jivama活命(1)],
  [ussukesu狂熱(陽複處格, a.)] [anussuka無狂熱(陽複主格, a.)];
  ussukesu [manussesu(陽複處格)],
  [viharama(1)] anussuka.

  我們活命確實非常樂,在諸狂熱者之中無狂熱;無狂熱的我們住在狂熱的諸人之中。

၂၀၀။ သုသုခံ ၀တ ဇီ၀ါမ၊ ေယသံ ေနာ နတၳိ ကိဥၥနံ။
ပီတိဘကၡာ ဘ၀ိႆာမ၊ ေဒ၀ါ အာဘႆရာ ယထာ။

၂၀၀။ စိုးရိမ္ေၾကာင့္ၾကဖြယ္ရာ တစ္စံုတစ္ခုမွ်မ႐ွိဘဲ အလြန္ခ်မ္းသာစြာ ငါတို႔ အသက္ေမြးႏုိင္ၾကကုန္၏၊ အာဘႆရာျဗဟၼာတို႔ကဲ့သို႔ ႏွစ္သက္၀မ္းေျမာက္မႈ ပီတိတည္းဟူေသာအစာကို အားထား၍ ေနၾကကုန္အံ့။

200. We live most happily; there is nothing at all our own. We shall be like Arbathaya Brahmas (Radiant Devas) feeding on joy.

၂၀၁။ ဇယံ ေ၀ရံ ပသ၀တိ၊ ဒုကၡံ ေသတိ ပရာဇိေတာ။
ဥပသေႏၲာ သုခံ ေသတိ၊ ဟိတြာ ဇယပရာဇယံ။

၂၀၁။ အႏုိင္ရသူသည္ ရန္ကိုပြါးေစ၏၊ ႐ႈံးေသာသူသည္ ဆင္းရဲစြာေနရ၏၊ ကိေလသာျငိမ္းျပီးေသာသူသည္ အႏိုင္ အ႐ႈံးကိုစြန္႔၍ ခ်မ္းသာစြာေနရ၏။

201. Winning brings hatred, defeated lives in miserable condition. The one who has given up both victory and defeat stays in comfort.

200 Susukham vata jivama,
  yesam no natthi kiñ canam;
  pitibhakkha bhavissama,
  deva abhassara yatha.

  [Su非常][sukham(中單業格)] [vata確實] [jivama活命(1)],
  [yesam我們(陽複屬格, rp.)] [no確實] [natthi不存在(3)] [kiñ canam任何(中單主格, a.)];
  [pitibhakkha食喜(陽複主格, a.)] [bhavissama變成(1)],
  [deva(陽複主格)] [abhassara照明聲音(陽複主格)] [yatha(adv.)]. (cf. S i114)

  我們活命確實非常樂,我們的任何者確實不存在;我們將變成食喜者[1],像諸照明聲音天[2]

201 Jayam veram pasavati,
  dukkham seti parajito,
  upasanto sukham seti,
  hitva jayaparajayam.

  [Jayam勝過(陽單主格, ppr.)] [veram(中單業格)] [pasavati招致(3)],
  [dukkham(中單業格)] [seti(3)] [parajito挫敗(陽單主格, pp.)],
  [upasanto全部平息(陽單主格, pp.)] [sukham(中單業格)] seti,
  [hitva捨棄(ger.)] [jaya勝過][parajayam挫敗(陽單業格)]. (cf. S i83)

  正在勝過者招致怨,已被挫敗者臥苦;捨棄勝過及挫敗後,已被全部平息者臥樂。


[1] 食喜 pitibhakkha(piti+bhakkha) a. (照明聲音天靠食喜為生)

[2] 照明聲音[] Abhassara(abha照明+sara聲音) m.。他譯:光音天。

၂၀၂။ နတၳိ ရာဂသေမာ အဂၢိ၊ နတၳိ ေဒါသသေမာ ကလိ။
နတၳိ ခႏၶသမာ ဒုကၡာ၊ နတၳိ သႏၲိပရံ သုခံ။

၂၀၂။ ရာဂႏွင့္တူေသာ မီးမ႐ွိ၊ ေဒါသႏွင့္တူေသာ အျပစ္မ႐ွိ၊ ခႏၶာႏွင့္တူေသာ ဆင္းရဲဒုကၡမ႐ွိ၊ နိဗၺာန္ႏွင့္တူေသာ ခ်မ္းသာမ႐ွိ။

202. There is no fire like passion, there is no crime like anger, there is no suffering like the aggregate (of mind and body), and there is no peace higher than Nibbana.

၂၀၃။ ဇိဃစၧာပရမာ ေရာဂါ၊ သခၤါရပရမာ ဒုခါ။
ဧတံ ဉတြာ ယထာဘူတံ၊ နိဗၺာနံ ပရမံ သုခံ။

၂၀၃။ ဆာေလာင္မြတ္သိပ္ျခင္းသည္ အလြန္ကဲဆံုး အနာေရာဂါမည္၏၊ ခႏၶာငါးပါး သခၤါရတရားတို႔သည္ အလြန္ကဲဆံုး ဆင္းရဲမည္ကုန္၏၊ နိဗၺာန္သည္ အလြန္ကဲဆံုး ခ်မ္းသာတည္း၊ ပညာ႐ွိသည္ ဤသို႔ ဟုတ္တိုင္းမွန္စြာသိ၍ နိဗၺာန္ခ်မ္းသာကို မ်က္ေမွာက္ျပဳ၏။

203. Hunger is the most severe illness; five aggregates of the Sankharas are the greatest miseries. If one knows this truly, Nibbana is the greatest joy.

202 Natthi ragasamo aggi,
  natthi dosasamo kali,
  natthi khandhasama dukkha,
  natthi santiparam sukham.

  [natthi不存在(3)] [raga][samo平等(陽單主格, a.)] [aggi(陽單主格)],
  natthi [dosa為難]samo [kali噩骰(ㄕㄞˇ)(陽單主格)],
  natthi [khandha]sama [dukkha(陽複主格, a.)],
  natthi [santi平息][param超越(中單主格, a.)] [sukham(中單主格)].

  與染平等的火不存在,與為難平等的噩骰子不存在,與諸蘊平等的諸苦者不存在,超越平息的樂不存在。

203 Jighacchaparama roga,
  savkharaparama dukha.
  Etam ñatva yathabhutam,
  nibbanam paramam sukham.

  [Jighaccha飢餓(f.)][parama最超越(陽複主格, a.)] [roga疾病(陽複主格)],
  [savkhara一起作]parama [dukha(陽複主格, a., =dukkha)].
  [Etam(三單業格)] [ñatva(ger.)] [yathabhūtam依實際(adv.)],
  [nibbanam涅槃(中單主格)] [paramam最超越(中單主格, a.)] [sukham(中單主格)].

  諸疾病以飢餓為最超越,諸苦者以諸一起作[1]為最超越。依實際[2]知這後,涅槃[]最超越的樂。


[1] 一起作 參見Dh154的註腳。

[2] 依實際 yathabhūtam(<yatha+bhūta變成(pp.)) adv.。直譯:依已被變成者。他譯:如實。

၂၀၄။ အာေရာဂ်ပရမာ လာဘာ၊ သႏၲဳ႒ိပရမံ ဓနံ။
၀ိႆာသပရမာ ဉာတိ၊ နိဗၺာနံ ပရမံ သုခံ။

၂၀၄။ အနာေရာဂါကင္းျခင္းသည္ အလြန္ကဲဆံုး လာဘ္တည္း၊ ေရာင့္ရဲမႈသည္ အလြန္ကဲဆံုးဥစၥာတည္း၊ ခ်စ္ကြၽမ္း၀င္ သူသည္ အလြန္ကဲဆံုးေဆြမ်ဳိးတည္း၊ နိဗၺာန္သည္ အလြန္ကဲဆံုးခ်မ္းသာတည္း။

204. Health is the greatest blessing. Contentment is the highest wealth. The trustworthy friend is the best kinsman. Nibbana is the greatest bliss.

၂၀၅။ ပ၀ိေ၀ကရသံ ပိတြာ၊ ရသံ ဥပသမႆ စ။
နိဒၵေရာ ေဟာတိ နိပၸါေပါ၊ ဓမၼပီတိရသံ ပိ၀ံ။

၂၀၅။ တရားဟူေသာ ႏွစ္သိမ့္မႈ ပီတိအရသာကို ေသာက္ရသူသည္ ဆိတ္ျငိမ္ရာ၌ရေသာ တရားအရသာကို လည္းေကာင္း၊ ကိေလသာအပူၿငိမ္းရာ နိဗၺာန္၏ အရသာကိုလည္းေကာင္း ေသာက္ရေသာေၾကာင့္ ပူပန္မႈကင္း၏၊ မေကာင္းမႈမွလည္းကင္း၏။

205. Having tasted the flavor of Dhamma in seclusion and the flavor of peace in tranquility, one is without distress, free from the bad, drinking the flavor of the joys of Nibbana.

204 Arogyaparama labha,
  santutthiparamam dhanam,
  vissasaparama ñati,
  nibbanam paramam sukham.

  [Arogya無疾病][parama最超越(陽複主格, a.)] [labha(陽複主格)],
  [santutthi完全滿足][paramam最超越(中單主格, a.)] [dhanam(中單主格)],
  [vissasa信賴][parama最超越(陰單主格, a.)] [ñati親屬(陰單主格)],
  [nibbanam涅槃(中單主格)] [paramam最超越(中單主格, a.)] [sukham(中單主格)]. (cp. Dh203)

  諸得以無疾病為最超越,財以完全滿足為最超越,親屬以信賴為最超越,涅槃[]最超越的樂。

205 Pavivekarasam pitva,
  rasam upasamassa ca,
  niddaro hoti nippapo,
  dhammapitirasam pivam.

  [Paviveka徹底遠離][rasam(陽單業格)] [pitva(ger.)],
  [rasam(陽單業格)] [upasamassa全部平息(陽單屬格)] [ca],
  [niddaro無害怕(陽單主格, a.)] [hoti變成(3)] [nippapo無惡(陽單主格, a.)],
  [dhammapiti法喜]rasam [pivam(陽單主格, ppr.)].

  喝徹底遠離的味及全部平息的味後,他變成無害怕、無惡的正在喝法喜的味者。

၂၀၆။ သာဟု ဒႆနမရိယာနံ၊ သႏၷိ၀ါေသာ သဒါ သုေခါ။
အဒႆေနန ဗာလာနံ၊ နိစၥေမ၀ သုခီ သိယာ။

၂၀၇။ ဗာလသဂၤတစာရီ ဟိ၊ ဒီဃမဒၶါန ေသာစတိ။
ဒုေကၡာ ဗာေလဟိ သံ၀ါေသာ၊ အမိေတၱေန၀ သဗၺဒါ။
ဓီေရာ စ သုခသံ၀ါေသာ၊ ဉာတီနံ၀ သမာဂေမာ။

၂၀၈။ တသၼာ ဟိ- ဓီရဥၥ ပညဥၥ ဗဟုႆုတဥၥ၊ ေဓာရယွသီလံ ၀တ၀ႏၲမရိယံ။
တံ တာဒိသံ သပၸဳရိသံ သုေမဓံ၊ ဘေဇထ နကၡတၱပထံ၀ စႏၵိမာ။

၂၀၆။ သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတို႔ကို ေတြ႔ျမင္ရျခင္းသည္ေကာင္း၏၊ သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတို႔ႏွင့္ ေပါင္းေဖာ္ရျခင္းသည္ အခါခပ္သိမ္း ခ်မ္းသာ၏၊ လူမိုက္တို႔ကို မေတြ႔မျမင္ရျခင္းသည္ အျမဲပင္ ခ်မ္းသာ၏။

၂၀၇။ သူမိုက္ႏွင့္ေပါင္းေဖာ္၍ လွည့္လည္ေသာသူသည္ ကာလၾကာျမင့္စြာ စိုးရိမ္ရ၏၊ လူမိုက္တို႔ႏွင့္ အတူေနရျခင္းသည္ ရန္သူႏွင့္ အတူေနရသကဲ့သို႔ အခါခပ္သိမ္း ဆင္းရဲရ၏၊ ပညာ႐ွိႏွင့္ အတူတကြေနရျခင္းသည္ ေဆြမ်ဳိးတို႔ႏွင့္ အတူတကြ ေနထိုင္ရသကဲ့သို႔ ခ်မ္းသာ၏။

၂၀၈။ ထို႔ေၾကာင့္သာလွ်င္ တည္ၾကည္လည္းတည္ၾကည္ေသာ ပညာလည္း႐ွိေသာ အၾကားအျမင္လည္းမ်ားေသာ မဂ္ဖိုလ္ဟူေသာ၀န္ကိုလည္း ေဆာင္ေလ့႐ွိေသာ သီလ ဓုတင္ ျဖဴစင္ေသာ အက်င့္လည္း႐ွိေသာ ျမတ္ေသာ ထိုသို႔ သေဘာ႐ွိေသာ ပညာ႐ွိသူေတာ္ေကာင္းကို လမင္းသည္ နကၡတ္တို႔သြားရာလမ္းခရီးကို ခ်ဥ္းကပ္သကဲ့သို႔ မွီ၀ဲ ဆည္းကပ္ရာ၏။

206. It is good to see the noble and association with them will make one happy. One who never sees silly persons will be at ease forever.

207. One accompanying with silly persons has a long journey of troubled state of mind, because being with a fool is as painful as to be with an enemy; but the joy of being with the wise is like the joy staying together with relatives.

208. Therefore one should follow the wise that is constant, intelligent, awake to the inner light, the learned, the much enduring, the dutiful, the noble; with such a one as this, one would associate like the moon follows the path of stars.

206 Sahu dassanam ariyanam,
  sannivaso sada sukho,
  adassanena balanam,
  niccam eva sukhi siya.

  [Sahu妥善(中單主格, a.)] [dassanam(中單主格)] [ariyanam聖者(陽複與格)],
  [sannivaso一起住(陽單主格)] [sada經常(adv.)] [sukho(陽單主格, a.)],
  [adassanena不見(中單具格)] [balanam無知者(陽複與格)],
  [niccam(adv.)] [eva如此] [sukhi(陽單主格, a.)] [siya(3opt.)].

  見諸聖者[]妥善,一起住經常[]樂;因常如此不見諸無知者,他會是樂者。

207 Balasavgatacari hi,
  digham addhana socati,
  dukkho balehi samvaso,
  amitten’eva sabbada.
  Dhiro ca sukhasamvaso,
  ñatinam va samagamo.

  [Bala無知者][savgata一起去(pp.)][cari(陽單主格, a.)] [hi確實],
  [digham addhana在長時間] [socati悲傷(3)],
  [dukkho(陽單主格, a.)] [balehi無知者(陽複具格)] [samvaso一起滯留(陽單主格)],
  [amitten’非友(陽單具格)][eva(a+[iva]>eva)] [sabbada在一切時(adv.)].
  [Dhiro賢明者(陽單主格)] [ca但是] [sukha]samvaso,
  atinam親屬(陰複屬格)] [va] [samagamo一起來(陽單主格)].

  已與諸無知者一起去的行者,在長時間確實悲傷;與諸無知者一起滯留[]苦,如與非友在一切時[一起滯留]。但是賢明者[]樂的一起滯留者,如諸親屬的一起來。

208  Tasma hi--
  Dhirañ ca paññañ ca bahussutañ ca,
  dhorayhasilam vatavantamariyam,
  tam tadisam sappurisam sumedham,
  bhajetha nakkhattapatham va candima.

  [Tasma hi確實由於它]:
  [Dhirañ賢明者(陽單業格)] [ca] [paññañ(陽單業格, a.)] ca [bahussutañ聽到眾多(陽單業格, pp.)] ca,
  [dhorayhasilam艱忍(陽單業格, a.)] [vatavantam有禁制(陽單業格, a.)][ariyam聖者(陽單業格)],
  [tam那個(陽單業格)] [tadisam像這樣(陽單業格, a.)] [sappurisam真善人(陽單業格)] [sumedham善智(陽單業格, a.)],
  [bhajetha前往到(3opt.為自言)] [nakkhatta][patham道路(陽單業格)] [va] [candima(陽單主格)].

  確實由於它:應前往到那個像這樣慧的及已聽到眾多的賢明者、艱忍有禁制的聖者、善智的真善人,如月[應前往到]星的道路。