၁၂။ အတၱ၀ဂၢ Attavaggo 自我品
တိဏၰံ အညတရံ ယာမံ၊ ပဋိဇေဂၢယ် ပ႑ိေတာ။
၁၅၇။ မိမိကိုယ္ကို ခ်စ္အပ္၏ဟုသိပါမူ ထိုမိမိကိုယ္ကို ေကာင္းစြာေစာင့္ေ႐ွာက္ျခင္းျဖင့္ ေစာင့္ေ႐ွာက္ရာ၏၊ ပညာ ႐ွိသူသည္ အ႐ြယ္သံုးပါးတို႔တြင္ တစ္ပါးပါးေသာအ႐ြယ္၌ လံု႔လထုတ္ကာ သုတ္သင္ရာ၏။
157. One who knows self is dear will guard oneself, with diligence. The wise one would look after himself during one of three watches of his life time (youth, middle age and old age).
အထညမႏုသာေသယ်၊ န ကိလိေႆယ် ပ႑ိေတာ။
၁၅၈။ ေ႐ွးဦးစြာသာလွ်င္ မိမိကိုယ္ကို သင့္ေလ်ာ္ေသာအက်င့္၌ တည္ေစရာ၏၊ ထို႔ေနာက္မွ သူတစ္ပါးကို ဆံုးမရာ၏၊ ပညာ႐ွိသည္ သူတစ္ပါးကဲ့ရဲ့ျခင္းျဖင့္ မညစ္ႏြမ္းေစရာ။
158. One should first establish oneself in what is proper practice; then one would advise others, thus the wise one would not suffer.
157 Attanañ ce piyam jañña,
rakkheyya nam surakkhitam;
tinnam aññataram yamam,
patijaggeyya pandito.
[Attanañ自我(陽單業格)] [ce若] [piyam可愛(陽單業格, a.)] [jañña知(單3opt.)],
[rakkheyya護(單3opt.)] [nam像這樣] [surakkhitam善護(陽單業格, pp.)];
[tinnam三(屬格)] [aññataram其中之一(陽單業格, a.)] [yamam夜分(陽單業格>adv.)],
[patijaggeyya警醒(單3opt.)] [pandito賢智者(陽單主格)].
若能知自我可愛，應護像這樣已被善護的[自我]；在其中之一的三夜分[1]，賢智者應警醒。
158 Attanam eva pathamam,
patirupe nivesaye,
ath’ aññam anusaseyya,
na kilisseyya pandito.
[Attanam自我(陽單業格)] [eva如此] [pathamam第一(adv.)],
[patirūpe恰當(單處格, a.)] [nivesaye安頓(單3opt.)],
[ath’然後] [aññam其他(陽單業格, a.)] [anusaseyya隨教誡(單3opt.)],
[na不] [kilisseyya污染(單3opt.)] [pandito賢智者(陽單主格)].
第一在恰當的[方面][2]，應如此安頓自我，然後應隨教誡其他的[人]；賢智者不會污染。
[1] 三夜分：1. 指人生的三時期：青年期、壯年期、老年期。2. 亦指夜間的三時段：18:00-22:00, 22:00-2:00, 2:00-6:00。(參見Ven. Khantipalo Thera & Ven. Susabba Samaneri, Verses Of The Buddha’s Teachings (Dhammapada), p.105, Taiwan: Fo Kuang Publishing House, 1990.)
[2] 方面：desa(cp. [disa方]) m.。(「在恰當的方面滯留，並且福的狀態在以前已被作，並且已拿起正確誓願；這是最上的吉祥。」(Sn260))
သုဒေႏၲာ၀တ ဒေမထ၊ အတၱာ ဟိ ကိရ ဒုဒၵေမာ။
၁၅၉။ သူတစ္ပါးကို ဆံုးမေသာနည္းအတိုင္း မိမိကိုယ္တိုင္ လိုက္နာျပဳက်င့္ရာ၏၊ မိမိကိုယ္တိုင္ ယဥ္ေက်းျပီးေသာ္မွသာ သူတစ္ပါးကိုဆံုးမရာ၏၊ မိမိကိုယ္ကို ယဥ္ေက်းေအာင္ ဆံုးမရျခင္းသည္ ခဲယဥ္းလွစြတကား။
159. One would make oneself as one teaches others to be, one should master self-control, difficult indeed is self-control.
အတၱနာ ဟိ သုဒေႏၲန၊ နာထံ လဘတိ ဒုလႅဘံ။
၁၆၀။ မိမိသည္သာ မိမိ၏ကိုးစားရာျဖစ္၏၊ သူတစ္ပါးသည္ မိမိ၏ကိုးစားရာ အဘယ္မွာျဖစ္ႏုိင္အံ့နည္း၊ မိမိသည္ ေကာင္းစြာယဥ္ေက်းသျဖင့္ ရေရာက္ႏုိင္ခဲေသာ အရဟတၱဖိုလ္ကို ရႏုိင္၏။
160. One self is master of oneself. Who else would be the master of self? With oneself well controlled, one can attain enlightenment (Arahantship).
159 Attanañ ce tatha kayira,
yath’aññam anusasati,
sudanto vata dametha,
atta hi kira duddamo.
[Attanañ自我(陽單業格)] [ce若] [tatha如是] [kayira作(單3opt.)],
[yath’像][aññam其他(陽單業格, a.)] [anusasati隨教誡(單3現)],
[sudanto善調伏(陽單主格, pp.)] [vata確實] [dametha使...調伏(單3opt.為自言)],
[atta自我(陽單主格)] [hi因為] [kira確實] [duddamo難調伏(陽單主格, a.)].
若能如是作，像隨教誡其他的[人]；已善調伏者確實應使自我調伏，因為自我確實難調伏。
160 Atta hi attano natho,
ko hi natho paro siya;
attana hi sudantena,
natham labhati dullabham.
[Atta自我(陽單主格)] [hi確實] [attano自我(陽單屬格)] [natho救護者(陽單主格)],
[ko誰?(陽單主格)] hi natho [paro其他人(陽單主格, a.)] [siya是(單3opt.)];
[attana自我(陽單具格)] hi [sudantena善調伏(陽單具格, pp.)],
[natham救護者(陽單業格)] [labhati得(單3現)] [dullabham難得(陽單業格, a.)].
自我確實[應是]自我的救護者，其他人誰確實應是救護者？確實已被自我善調伏者，得難得的救護者。
အဘိမတၳတိ ဒုေမၼဓံ၊ ၀ဇိရံ၀သၼမယံ မဏႎ။
၁၆၁။ ေက်ာက္မွျဖစ္ေသာစိန္သည္ မိမိမွီရာေက်ာက္ကို ထြင္းေဖာက္ ဖ်က္ဆီးသကဲ့သို႔ မိမိျပဳအပ္ေသာ မိမိမွျဖစ္ေသာ မိမိေၾကာင့္ျဖစ္ေသာမေကာင္းမႈသည္ မိမိျဖစ္ရာ ပညာမဲ့သူကို ဖ်က္ဆီး၏။
161. The evil done by one, is born of oneself, is produced in oneself, and that crushes the foolish as a diamond does a gemstone where it is embedded.
ကေရာတိ ေသာ တထတၱာနံ၊ ယထာ နံ ဣစၧတီ ဒိေသာ။
၁၆၂။ မာေလာႏြယ္သည္ မွီရာသစ္ပင္ကို လႊမ္းမိုးရစ္ပတ္သကဲ့သို႔ စင္စစ္သီလမ႐ွိေသာသူ၏ အျဖစ္တည္းဟူေသာ တဏွာအလႊမ္းခံရသူသည္ ရန္သူအလို႐ွိတိုင္း မိမိအက်ဳိးမဲ့ကို မိမိကိုယ္တိုင္ပင္ ျပဳလုပ္ေလ၏။
162. As a creeper over-spreads and entangles a Maluva creeper, a man's wickedness that grows in him, when it is very great, brings him to that state where his enemy wishes him to be.
161 Attana va katam papam,
attajam attasambhavam;
abhimatthati dummedham,
vajiram v’asmamayam manim.
[Attana自我(陽單具格)] [va如此] [katam作(中單主格, pp.)] [papam惡(中單主格)],
[atta自我][jam生(單業格, a.)] atta[sambhavam一起變成(陽單業格)];
[abhimatthati劈(單3現)] [dummedham惡智(陽單業格, a.)],
[vajiram鑽石(中單主格)] [v’如][asma岩石(=asman)][mayam做成(陽單業格, a.)] [manim寶石(陽單業格)].
已被自我如此作的惡，從自我生，從自我一起變成，劈惡智者，如鑽石[劈]從岩石做成的寶石。
162 Yassa accantadussilyam,
maluva salam iv’ otthatam;
karoti so tath’ attanam,
yatha nam icchati diso.
[Yassa他(陽單屬格, rp.)] {[accanta全盤][dussilyam難(ㄋㄢˊ)戒](陽單業格, a.)},
[maluva常春藤(陰單主格)] [salam沙羅樹(陽單業格)] [iv’如] [otthatam遮覆(陽單業格, pp.)];
[karoti作(單3現)] [so他(陽單主格)] [tath’如是] [attanam自我(陽單業格)],
[yatha像] [nam他(陽單業格)] [icchati欲求(單3現)] [diso敵人(陽單主格)].
如常春藤[作]已被遮覆的沙羅樹；他如是作他的全盤難戒[1]的自我，像敵人欲求他。
[1] 全盤難(ㄋㄢˊ)戒 DhA：accantadussilyanti ekantadussilabhavo.(「全盤難戒」：一向難戒)
ယံ ေ၀ ဟိတဥၥ သာဓုဥၥ၊ တံ ေ၀ ပရမဒုကၠရံ။
၁၆၃။ အျပစ္႐ွိ၍ မိမိ၏အက်ဳိးစီးပြားမ႐ွိကုန္ေသာ အမႈတို႔ကို ျပဳလြယ္ကုန္၏၊ အျပစ္ကင္း၍ အက်ဳိးစီးပြား႐ွိေသာ အမႈကို အလြန္ျပဳႏုိင္ခဲ၏။
163. It is easy to do what is bad and harmful to oneself; what is good and beneficial is very difficult to do.
ပဋိေကၠာသတိ ဒုေမၼေဓာ၊ ဒိ႒ႎ နိႆာယ ပါပိကံ။
ဖလာနိ က႒ကေႆ၀၊ အတၱဃာတာယ ဖလ’တိ။
၁၆၄။ ပညာမဲ့သူသည္ ယုတ္မာေသာ မိစၧာအယူကို အမွီျပဳ၍ ပူေဇာ္အထူးကို ခံထိုက္ကုန္ေသာ တရားသျဖင့္ အသက္ေမြးကုန္ေသာ အရိယာပုဂၢဳိလ္တို႔၏ အဆံုးအမကို တားျမစ္၏၊ ၀ါးသီးတို႔သည္ ၀ါးပင္ကို သတ္ရန္အလို႔ငွါ သီးကုန္သကဲ့သို႔ ထိုပုဂၢဳိလ္၏ မိစၧာအယူသည္ မိမိကိုယ္ကို သတ္ရန္အလို႔ငွါသာ ျဖစ္၏။
164. Who is not wise because of his detrimental view, obstructs the instruction of the Arahants who are virtuous and noble, and produces his own destruction, like the fruits of a bamboo which lead to the plant's death.
163 Sukarani asadhuni,
attano ahitani ca;
yam ve hitañ ca sadhuñ ca,
tam ve paramadukkaram.
[Sukarani容易作(中複主格, a.)] [asadhūni不妥善(中複主格, a.)],
[attano自我(陽單與格)] [ahitani無利益(中複主格, a.)] [ca並且];
[yam凡是(中單主格, rp.)] [ve確實] [hitañ有利益(中單主格, a.)] ca [sadhuñ妥善(中單主格, a.)] ca,
[tam它(中單主格)] ve [parama最超越(a.)][dukkaram難作(中單主格, a.)].
諸容易作的[是]不妥善，並且對自我無利益；凡是確實有利益的及妥善的，它確實[是]最超越的難作的。
164 Yo sasanam arahatam,
ariyanam dhammajivinam;
patikkosati dummedho,
ditthim nissaya papikam,
phalani katthakasseva,
attaghaññaya phallati.
[Yo他(陽單主格, rp.)] [sasanam教誡(中單業格)] [arahatam阿羅漢(陽複屬格)],
[ariyanam聖者(陽複屬格)] [dhamma法][jivinam活命(陽複與格, a.)];
[patikkosati叱(ㄔˋ)責(單3現)] [dummedho惡智(陽單主格, a.)],
[ditthim見解(陰單業格)] [nissaya投靠(ger.)] [papikam惡(陰單業格, a.)],
[phalani果(中複主格)] [katthakass竹(陽單屬格)][eva如(
[attaghaññaya自殺(單與格)] [phallati結果(單3現)].
對諸聖者的活命在法之中，惡智者叱責諸阿羅漢的教誡；他投靠惡的見解後，如竹的諸果，為(ㄨㄟˋ)自殺[而]結果。
အတၱနာ အကတံ ပါပံ၊ အတၱနာ၀ ၀ိသုဇၩတိ။
သုဒၶီ အသုဒၶိ ပစၥတံၱ၊ နာေညာ အညံ ၀ိေသာဓေယ။
၁၆၅။ မေကာင္းမႈကို မိမိျပဳခဲ့လွ်င္ မိမိသည္ပင္ ညစ္ႏြမ္းရ၏၊ မေကာင္းမႈကို မိမိမျပဳခဲ့လွ်င္ မိမိသည္ပင္စင္ၾကယ္၏၊ စင္ၾကယ္ေသာ ကုသိုလ္ႏွင့္ မစင္ၾကယ္ေသာ အကုသိုလ္သည္ တျခားစီသာျဖစ္၏၊ သူတစ္ေယာက္သည္ အျခား သူတစ္ေယာက္ကို ကိေလသာအညစ္အေၾကးမွ စင္ၾကယ္ေအာင္ မသုတ္သင္ႏုိင္။
165. By oneself the evil is done and one becomes defiled. By oneself the evil is not done and one becomes pure. Purity and impurity are individual matters. One cannot purify another.
အတၱဒတၳမဘိညာယ၊ သဒတၳပသုေတာ သိယာ။
၁၆၆။ သူတစ္ပါး၏ မ်ားစြာေသာ အက်ဳိးစီးပြားအတြက္ေၾကာင့္ မိမိ၏အက်ဳိးစီးပြားကို အနည္းငယ္မွ် မဆုတ္ယုတ္ေစရာ၊ မိမိအက်ဳိးစီးပြားကိုသိ၍ မိမိအက်ဳိးစီးပြားကို တိုးပြားေအာင္ ေလ့က်က္ အားထုတ္ရာ၏။
166. One should not neglect one's own welfare because of the need for another's, no matter how great; having well understood one's own duty, one should follow it with earnestness.
165 Attana va katam papam,
attana samkilissati;
attana akatam papam,
attana va visujjhati;
suddhi asuddhi paccattam
nañño aññam visodhaye.
[Attana自我(陽單具格)] [va如此] [katam作(中單主格, pp.)] [papam惡(中單主格)],
[attana自我(陽單從格)] [samkilissati完全污染(單3現)];
attana [akatam未作(中單主格, pp.)] [papam惡(中單主格)],
attana [va如此] [visujjhati清淨(單3現)];
[suddhi淨(陰複主格)] [asuddhi不淨(陰單主格)] [paccattam各自(adv.)]
[n不][añño其他(陽單主格, a.)] [aññam另一(陽單業格, a.)] [visodhaye使...清淨(單3opt.)].
已被自我如此作的惡，從自我完全污染；未被自我作的惡，從自我如此清淨；諸淨、諸不淨各自[存在]，其他[人]不能使另一[人]清淨。
166 Attadattham paratthena,
bahuna pi na hapaye;
attadattham abhiññaya,
sadatthapasuto siya.
[Attadattham自我的義利(陽單業格)] [paratthena其他的義利(陽單具格)],
[bahuna眾多(中單具格, a.)] [pi即使...亦] [na不] [hapaye忽略(單3opt.)];
[attadattham自我的義利(陽單業格)] [abhiññaya全面知(ger.)],
[sadattha自己的義利][pasuto徹底從事(陽單主格, pp.)] [siya是(單3opt.)].
即使因眾多的其他的義利，亦不應忽略自我的義利；全面知自我的義利後，應是已徹底從事自己的義利者。
